Expectativas docentes acerca de la formación de los profesionales de la salud versus rendimiento académico / Teaching expectations about the formation of health professionals versus academic efficiency

En los distintos niveles educativos se ha estudiado acerca de las expectativas docentes, sean estas conscientes o no, en cuanto a la formación, el aprendizaje y el rendimiento académico del alumno. Uno de los puntos clave es cómo se establece la relación docente-alumno, por lo que es importante reconocer cuáles son los factores que están involucrados en ella y pueden repercutir posteriormente en dicho fenómeno. El objetivo de este artículo es precisamente exponer los resultados de la búsqueda actualizada realizada por los autores en esta área e invitar a seguir profundizando en la comprensión de las expectativas docentes en la formación de los profesionales de la salud.

It has been studied about the teaching expectations in the different educational levels, either conscious or not, in respect to the formation, learning and academic efficiency of the students. One of the key points is how the professor-student relationship is established, that's why it is important to recognize which factors are involved in it and they can have an impact on this phenomenon later. The objective of this article is to expose the results of the updated search carried out by the authors in this area and to invite to continue deepening in the understanding of the teaching expectations in the formation of health professionals.

Percepciones de la población respecto al cirujano dentista / Patients’ perceptions of dental surgeons

El objetivo de esta revisión es evaluar las variables y aspectos fundamentales que afectan las percepciones de las personas en relación a los dentistas reportadas en la literatura de corriente principal. Se utilizaron PubMed, SciELO y Google Scholar. Se encontró que las percepciones de los pacientes dependen principalmente de la experiencia previa con el profesional, pues algunas personas le dan mayor importancia a las habilidades técnicas que éste presente, mientras que otras a la capacidad de comunicación que tengan los dentistas. Dentro de las percepciones negativas se encuentra el miedo al dolor y el manejo de éste, lo que puede restringir la búsqueda de la atención dental, la accesibilidad y el costo de la atención dental. Otros factores son: la edad -tanto del paciente como del dentista- y el sexo, debido a que la concordancia de sexo reduce la vergüenza y el miedo al contacto físico durante el examen...

The aim of this review is to evaluate the main variables and aspects that influence patients’ perceptions about dentists as reported in mainstream literature. The literature search was made in PubMed, SciELO and Google Scholar. We found that patients´ perceptions rely primarily on their previous experience with the professional, as some people value the professional´s technical skills, while others value their communication skills. Among the negative perceptions are the fear of pain and how to handle it, which can limit dental care seeking behaviors, and the availability and cost of dental care. Other factors: age –patient and dentist– and sex, as when patient and dentist are both men or women, the shame and fear of physical contact during the exam is reduced...

Derivaciones, procedimientos y complicaciones en servicios de cirugía bucal. Revisión de la literatura / Referrals, procedures and complications in oral surgery services. Literature review

Varios estudios han descrito y analizado el funcionamiento de los servicios quirúrgicos orales/bucales en miras a introducir mejoras de calidad y disponibilidad de la atención. El objetivo del presente artículo es revisar los patrones de derivación, procedimentales y de complicaciones descritos en la literatura de corriente principal. En estudios realizados principalmente en Inglaterra y África, se determinó que los procedimientos más frecuentes son de baja complejidad, principalmente exodoncias, y dentro de las exodoncias, primariamente terceros molares. En la mayoría de los procedimientos se utilizó anestesia local y el motivo más común de derivación fue por extracciones múltiples, quirúrgicas o complicadas. La derivación fue dada principalmente por el odontólogo general, y en menor cantidad por odontólogo especialista, médico general y médico especialista. Son pocos los procedimientos que generan complicaciones postquirúrgicas, dentro de las cuales está alvéolo seco, infección, inflamación y dolor alrededor de las suturas y hemorragias.

Several studies have described and analyzed performance of oral surgical services with the aim of introducing improvement in care quality and availability. The aim of the present article was to review referral, procedure and complication patterns described in scientific literature. In studies mainly conducted in the United Kingdom and Africa, it was determined that most frequent procedures are of low complexity, mainly extractions, and within extractions, those of third molars. Local anesthesia was used in most procedures, the most common reasons for referral were multiple, surgical or complicated extractions. Referral was mainly executed by the general dentist, and in lesser amounts by the specialist dentist, general physician and specialist physician. Few procedures cause post-surgical complications. Among these we can count dry socket, infection, inflammation, pain around sutures and hemorrhage.

Exponential growth of dental schools in Chile: effects on academic, economic and workforce issues

In the last 30 years, Chile has undergone noteworthy economic development and an exponential growth in the access of its population to higher education. The aim of this paper was to review the changes in academic, economic and workforce issues that occurred as a consequence of the growth in supply of undergraduate dental vacancies between 1997 and 2011. Data collected from the Consejo de Educación Superior - CES, Comisión Nacional de Acreditación - CNA, and Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas de Chile - INE included these variables: number of dental schools, school type (private or traditional, see explanation below), city where the school is located, entry vacancies, total student enrollment, admission scores, percentile rank of dentistry as a university career, tuition fees, accreditation status, and number of inhabitants. There was an exponential increase in dental schools in Chile (5 to 34) that occurred in association with the rise in tuition fees (US$ 3900 to US$ 9800), a deterioration in the academic level of dental students (650 to 550 points in admission scores) and a predicted 77.5% oversupply of dentists by 2025, according to WHO criteria. The exponential increase in dental schools in Chile brought about negative consequences, such as increasing career costs, deterioration in the academic level of dental students, and an oversupply of dentists, associated with lower incomes and possibly leading to unemployment. Additional research should be conducted to determine whether an increase in the number of dentists can improve the population's access to dental care and reduce the oral disease burden.